Freedom of Speech and Expression

JSCC Policy Number: 1:03:02:60

TBR Policy Reference: 1:03:02:60

TBR Guideline Reference: Not Applicable

Approved By: President's Cabinet

Original Date Effective: 2018-03-26

Last Modified: 2023-11-20

Responsible Office: Dean for Students

Purpose

This policy reflects the commitment of the Board of Regents and Jackson State Community College to freedom of speech and expression for all students and all faculty.

Definitions

Constitutional time, place, and manner restrictions means restrictions on the time, place, and manner of free speech that do not violate the First Amendment to the United States Constitution or Article I, Section 19 of the Tennessee Constitution that are reasonable, content- and viewpoint neutral, narrowly tailored to satisfy a significant institutional interest, and leave open ample alternative channels for the communication of the information or message to its intended audience
Faculty or faculty member means any person, whether or not the person is compensated by Jackson State Community College, and regardless of political affiliation, who is tasked with providing scholarship, academic research, or teaching. For purposes of this part, the term "faculty" shall include tenured and non-tenured professors, adjunct professors, visiting professors, lecturers, graduate student instructors, and those in comparable positions, however titled. For purposes of this part, the term "faculty" shall not include persons whose primary responsibilities are administrative or managerial.
Free speech means speech, expression, or assemblies protected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution or Article I, Section 19 of the Tennessee Constitution, verbal or written, including, but not limited to, all forms of peaceful assembly, protests, demonstrations, rallies, vigils, marches, public speaking, distribution of printed materials, carrying signs, displays, or circulating petitions. "Free speech" does not include the promotion, sale, or distribution of any product or service.

Institution means Jackson State Community College, an institution governed by the Tennessee Board of Regents
Student means:
1. An individual currently enrolled in a course of study at Jackson State Community College; and
2. An organization that is comprised entirely of individuals currently enrolled in a course of study at Jackson State Community College.

Policy

General Principles

Students have a fundamental constitutional right to free speech.
Jackson State Community College shall be committed to giving students the broadest possible latitude to speak, write, listen, challenge, learn, and discuss any issue, subject to constitutional time, place, and manner restrictions.
Jackson State Community College shall be committed to maintaining a campus as a marketplace of ideas for all students and all faculty in which the free exchange of ideas is not to be suppressed because the ideas put forth are thought by some or even by most members of the Jackson State community to be offensive, unwise, immoral, indecent, disagreeable, conservative, liberal, traditional, radical, or wrong-headed.
It is for Jackson State Community College's individual students and faculty to make judgments about ideas for themselves, and to act on those judgments not by seeking to suppress free speech, but by openly and vigorously contesting the ideas that they oppose.
It is not the proper role of Jackson State Community College to attempt to shield individuals from free speech, including ideas and opinions they find offensive, unwise, immoral, indecent, disagreeable, conservative, liberal, traditional, radical, or wrong-headed.

Although Jackson State Community College should greatly value civility and mutual respect, concerns about civility and mutual respect shall never be used by the college as a justification for closing off the discussion of ideas, however offensive, unwise, immoral, indecent, disagreeable, conservative, liberal, traditional, radical, or wrong-headed those ideas may be to some students or faculty.

Although all students and all faculty are free to state their own views about and contest the views expressed on campus, and to state their own views about and contest speakers who are invited to express their views Jackson State Community College's campus, they may not substantially obstruct or otherwise substantially interfere with the freedom of others to express views they reject or even loathe. To this end, Jackson State has a responsibility to promote a lively and fearless freedom of debate and deliberation and protect that freedom.
Through shared governance with its faculty, Jackson State Community College may determine for itself on academic grounds who may teach, what may be taught, how it may be taught and graded, and who may be admitted to the institution as a student.
Jackson State Community College shall be committed to providing an atmosphere that is most conducive to speculation, experimentation, and creation by all students and all faculty, who shall always remain free to inquire, to study and to evaluate, and to gain new understanding.
The primary responsibility of faculty is to engage an honest, courageous, and persistent effort to search out and communicate the truth that lies in the areas of their competence.
Although faculty are free in the classroom to discuss subjects within areas of their competence, faculty shall be cautious in expressing personal views in the classroom and shall be careful not to introduce controversial matters that have no relationship to the subject taught, and especially matters in which they have no special competence or training and in which, therefore, faculty's views cannot claim the authority accorded statements they make about subjects within areas of their competence; provided, that no faculty will face adverse employment action for classroom speech, unless it is not reasonably germane to the subject matter of the class as broadly construed, and comprises a substantial portion of classroom instruction.
Jackson State Community College shall maintain the generally accessible, open, outdoor areas of its campus as traditional public forums for free speech by students. This does not mean that those areas must be equally available to non-students.
Jackson State Community College shall not confine students' free speech to certain areas of the campus, sometimes known as "free speech zones," or otherwise create policies implying that students' free speech is restricted to particular areas of campus.
Jackson State Community College shall not deny student activity fee funding to a student organization based on the viewpoints that the student organization advocates.
Jackson State Community College shall not establish permitting requirements that prohibit spontaneous outdoor assemblies or outdoor distribution of literature, although an institution may maintain a policy that grants members of the college community the right to reserve certain outdoor spaces in advance.
Jackson State Community College shall not:

1. Charge students’ security fees based on the content of their speech, the content of the speech of guest speakers invited by students, or the anticipated reaction or opposition of listeners to speech,
2. Require a student group to pay fees or security deposits that are not charged to other student groups for use of Jackson State’s property; or
3. Deny a student group access to Jackson State’s property if the property is routinely used by other student groups.

Jackson State Community College shall allow all students and all faculty to invite guest speakers to campus to engage in free speech regardless of the views of guest speakers.
Jackson State Community College shall not dis-invite a speaker invited by a student, student organization, or faculty member because the speaker's anticipated speech may be considered offensive, unwise, immoral, indecent, disagreeable, conservative, liberal, traditional, radical, or wrong-headed by students, faculty, administrators, government officials, or members of the public.
For purposes of approving or scheduling usage of the institution’s property, an institution shall not show bias or favoritism against:

1. A student group that is peaceful and requests to use the institution’s property in a peaceful and lawful manner;
2. A guest speaker, or a guest speaker’s student sponsoring group’s, viewpoint, race, creed, color, religion, non-violent political ideology, or non-violent political party affiliation;
3. A student group that, or a guest speaker who, intends to maintain a peaceful campus presence and peaceful use of the institution’s property on grounds that the institution has received threatened simple breaches of the peace or nondestructive disruptions from groups or individuals who oppose the student group’s or guest speaker’s presence on campus.

Students do not have the right to disrupt previously scheduled or reserved activities occurring in a traditional public forum.
Jackson State Community College is not required to fund costs associated with student speech or expression.

Publication of This policy shall be:

Published annually in Jackson State Community College 's student handbook and faculty handbook, whether paper or electronic;
Made available to students and faculty by way of a prominent notice on Jackson State Community College 's internet site other than through the electronic publication of the policy in the student handbook and faculty handbook;
Sent annually to students and employees to their institutionally-provided email address; and
Addressed by Jackson State Community College in orientation programs for new students and new

Institution Policies

Jackson State Community College may adopt institution policies that include measures that do not violate the First Amendment to the United States Constitution or Article I, Section 19 of the Tennessee Constitution such as:

1. Constitutional time, place, and manner restrictions on assemblies’ speech and expression, and usage of the institution’s property;
2. Reasonable and viewpoint-neutral restrictions in nonpublic forums;
3. Restricting the use of Jackson State Community College 's property to protect the free speech rights of students and faculty and preserve the use of the property for the advancement of the institution's mission;
4. Prohibiting or limiting speech, expression, or assemblies that are not protected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution or Article I, Section 19 of the Tennessee Constitution; or
5. Content restrictions on speech that are reasonably related to a legitimate pedagogical purpose, such as classroom rules enacted by faculty.

Jackson State Community College has adopted a policy on student on-student harassment that defining the term consistent with and no more expansively than the following definition: Student on student harassment means unwelcome conduct directed toward a person that is discriminatory on a basis prohibited by federal, state, or local law and that is so sever, pervasive, and objectively offensive that it effectively bars the victim's access to an educational opportunity or benefit.

1. Jackson State Community College shall consult the TBR Office of General Counsel when making any revision to its policies on this subject and obtain approval prior to implementing such revisions.

Sources/References:

Statutes: T.C.A. § 49-7-2401 et seq., The Campus Free Speech Protection Act, T.C.A. § 49-7-1907, The Tennessee Higher Education Freedom of Expression and Transparency Act., T.C.A. § 49-8-203

NEW policy approved at Board Meeting; Dec. 14, 2017, Revised September 22, 2023